Description of Water Resources Unit Map

Hydrologic Unit Map?
What is Hydrologic Unit Map

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs and Ministry of Entvironment and so on are the central ministry that manages water in South Korea. The central ministry classified the national administrative work through the development of "Hydrologic Unit Map"which divides South Korea basins into the concept of city, province in administrative district1), sub-basins(the concept of city, county, district), and standard basins(the concept of city, county and district) to manage the river and water in South Korea.

Classification of the Hydrologic Unit Map

The Hydrologic Unit Map is classified into 21 large - sized areas(basin), 117 medium - sized areas(subbasin), and 850 small - sized areas(standard basin).
Basin is divided according to the 5 largest basins2) of Korea(Han River, Nakdong River, Geum River, Seomjin River, and Yeongsan River). Sub - basin is divided based on the meeting points of natural rivers3) and the major is lands of the southern and western sea. Lastly, standard basin is divided on the basis of the point where national4) and regional rivers5) gather, the point where the dam is located and the area where major facilities that manage waters are located. The boundary of basin in the Hydrologic Unit Map is divided by the watershed and the boundary where rain or snow runs into the other side of the river.

1)Administrative district : The area divided by the government ministry to manage population, land etc. (sorted into metropolitan, city, district, town)

2)Basin : is an extend of an area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point at a lower elevation such as river.

3)Natural river : A river without an artificial embankment.

4)National river : Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport designates the river name and sections according to Law of river. (This river is important for national land conservation and national economy.)

5)Regional river : Mayors and governors designate the river name and sections according to Law of river. (This river has a close relation with public interest.)

What is Watershed Boundaries?

Watershed Boundaries A watershed is an area where all rainfall collects into a common location. The common location could be a stream, a pond, a river, etc. It's also called a dividing ridge because it is usually made up of ridges and mountain ranges.
Basin is an extend of an area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point at a lower elevation such as river.
In South Korea, Han River, Nakdong River, Geum River, Yeongsan River, and Seomjin River are the 5 major river systems. A river system is defined as the entire areas within a watershed boundary.

Five Largest Rivers of Korea
  • Seomjin River - Wonsinam(Daemi Spring)
  • The source of Seomjin river comes from Wonsinam(Daemi Spring), Sanam-ri, Baegun-myeon, Jinan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. From old times, it was also called Duchi river, Sand river(Morekaram), and Dasa river because of its fine sand.
  • Feature
    Length of water path 6) 222.05km,
    Area of basin 7) 4,896.5§´
  • Geum River - Ddeunbong Spring
  • The Source of Geum river comes from Ddeunbong Spring, Sinmu mountain, Subun-ri, Jangsu-eup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. From old times, it was also called Bidan river because it was beautiful like silk(Bidan). It is the third largest river in Korea after Han river and Nakdong river.
  • Feature
    Length of water path 6) 395.9km,
    Area of basin 7) 9,810§´
  • Yeongsan River - Yongso falls
  • The Source of Yeongsan river comes from Yongso falls, Yongchubong, Yongyeon-ri, Yong-myeon, Damyang-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. From old times, the land was rich and it was a major transportation point connected with the ocean.
  • Feature
    Length of water path 6) 136km,
    Area of basin 7) 3,371§´
  • Han River - Geomnyong pond
  • The source of Han River comes from Geomnyong pond, Geumdae Mountain, Changjuk-dong, Taebaek-si, Gangwon-do, Korea. It was originated from Korean 'Hangaram' and 'Han' with a meaning of Big, Wide and Long. It's also called Arimul(Arisu or Arigaram) as an archaic word. It is located in the middle of the Korean Peninsula and it is the largest river based on the amount of running water.
  • Feature
    Length of water path 6) 514.8km,
    Area of basin 7) 26,018§´
  • Nakdong River - Hwangji pond
  • The source of Nakdong river comes from Hwangji pond, the east of Chuneebong, Hambaek mountain, Hwajeon-dong and Taebaek-si, Gangwon-do, Korea. It is the second largest river in Korea. It was originated from the name "The East of Garak" and Garak means Sangju.
  • Feature
    Length of water path 6) 521.5km,
    Area of basin 7) 23,817§´

6)Length of water path : The distance from a basin exit point to the main stream of the river and to the starting point of the river that is marked on the map and it is usually measured at 1:25,000 topographic map.

7)Area of basin : When assuming a certain place of a river, the area where all the amount of rainwater is collected is called a catchment area.